This project sought to assess whether HPWHs can productively store energy and participate in demand response programs, thereby supporting the broadest application of the new efficiency standards.

Prepared by:  Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance

Published:  September 29, 2014

Recently several manufacturers, including General Electric (GE), Rheem, AO Smith, Stiebel Eltron, and Air Generate, have introduced integrated HPWHs. Performance, installation, operation and maintenance, specifically related to the New England region are addressed.

Prepared by:  National Grid and Cape Light Compact

Published:  June 7, 2012

Evaluation performed by: Electric Power Research Institute. While the technology itself is fairly well understood, the actual performance of HPWH systems has not been quantified in sufficient numbers. This demonstration aims to provide that quantification. The variation of system efficiency with climate, water usage, and installation location are being examined.

Prepared by:  ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Published:  2012

NEEA commissioned Fluid, a CLEAResult company, to conduct a field study capturing energy savings data primarily on Tier 2 HPWHs. As the first field study of ducted HPWH installations, the study provided in-field installation findings to identify best practices as well as concerns to support NEEA’s HPWH market test. 

Prepared by:  Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance

Published:  October 2013

The Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA) engaged Evergreen Economics 2015 to conduct the second Market Progress Evaluation for NEEA’s Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) Initiative, also known as the Hot Water Solutions Program.

Prepared by:  Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance

Published:  August 23, 2016

The CEE Overview of Heat Pump Water Heater Programs in the United States and Canada summarizes programs active in 2016 that were designed to promote the purchase and installation of efficient heat pump water heaters (HPWHs). The 56 CEE members included in this year's Program Overview span 33 US states, the District of Columbia, and one Canadian province. They collectively serve more than 60 million residents.

Prepared by:  Consortium for Energy Efficiency

Published:  October 2016

Building America Case Study Project Name: Systems Evaluation at the Cool Energy House. Location: Windermere, Florida. Year Tested: 2012. For a 6-month period, the Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings, a U.S. Department of Energy Building America team, monitored the performance of a GE Geospring HPWH in Windermere, Florida. The study included hourly energy simulation analysis using the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s Building Energy Optimization-Energy Plus (BEopt) v1.3 software.

Prepared by:  US DOE Building America program

Published:  November 2013

BPA Technology Innovation Project Brief. This project will deploy 300 electric resistance and 300 heat pump CEA 2045 controlled water heaters in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), and execute demand response event use cases over a 12 month period.

Prepared by:  Bonneville Power Administration

Published:  September 2015