This evaluation quantified the in-situ performance of three recently-released HPWH products (General Electric GeoSpring™, AO Smith Voltex®, and Stiebel Eltron Accelera®300) through the installation and monitoring of 14 units in Massachusetts and Rhode Island for over one year.

Prepared by:  Steven Winter Associates, Inc.

Published:  June 26, 2012

This project sought to assess whether HPWHs can productively store energy and participate in demand response programs, thereby supporting the broadest application of the new efficiency standards.

Prepared by:  Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance

Published:  September 29, 2014

Evaluation performed by: Electric Power Research Institute. While the technology itself is fairly well understood, the actual performance of HPWH systems has not been quantified in sufficient numbers. This demonstration aims to provide that quantification. The variation of system efficiency with climate, water usage, and installation location are being examined.

Prepared by:  ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Published:  2012

Because of the stakes involved, NEEP, with input from a range of regional stakeholders, developed this forward looking market strategy report to thoughtfully hasten the uptake of HPWHs. The report theorizes that such a deliberate approach will enable long term market growth leading to market transformation.

Prepared by:  Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships

Published:  December 2012

NEEA commissioned Fluid, a CLEAResult company, to conduct a field study capturing energy savings data primarily on Tier 2 HPWHs. As the first field study of ducted HPWH installations, the study provided in-field installation findings to identify best practices as well as concerns to support NEEA’s HPWH market test. 

Prepared by:  Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance

Published:  October 2013

Building America Case Study Project Name: Systems Evaluation at the Cool Energy House. Location: Windermere, Florida. Year Tested: 2012. For a 6-month period, the Consortium for Advanced Residential Buildings, a U.S. Department of Energy Building America team, monitored the performance of a GE Geospring HPWH in Windermere, Florida. The study included hourly energy simulation analysis using the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s Building Energy Optimization-Energy Plus (BEopt) v1.3 software.

Prepared by:  US DOE Building America program

Published:  November 2013

BPA Technology Innovation Project Brief. This project will deploy 300 electric resistance and 300 heat pump CEA 2045 controlled water heaters in the Pacific Northwest (PNW), and execute demand response event use cases over a 12 month period.

Prepared by:  Bonneville Power Administration

Published:  September 2015